四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统气源示踪

以天然气、烃源岩及储层沥青的地球化学特征为主要依据,通过天然气-天然气、储层沥青-烃源岩、天然气-烃源岩3个方面对比,深入探讨四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统天然气来源。研究表明,四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统天然气主要来源于筇竹寺组泥岩。其5项证据分别为:下二叠统天然气乙烷碳同位素小于-30.5‰,甲、乙烷碳同位素倒转是由高演化程度烃源岩所致;多数下二叠统天然气与龙王庙组天然气特征最为相似;GS18,NC1井下二叠统天然气特征与寒武系相似,说明上下层气源一致;高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统储层沥青地球化学特征与筇竹寺组泥岩最为相似;筇竹寺组泥岩主要为下二叠统供气,这一认识符合干酪根油气生成理论和同位素分馏规律。     

基于HECC的门限群签密研究

分析了已有的门限群签密方案,针对现有方案中抗合谋攻击及身份追查等不足的问题,在(t,n)门限签密的基础上,基于HECC提出了一种可抗合谋攻击、身份可追查的高安全性门限群签密方案。该方案在可抵御合谋攻击的同时,可分辨攻击是来自于群成员还是外部,并可针对群成员的欺诈行为进行身份追查。该方案的安全性是建立在超椭圆曲线离散对数问题的难解性上,在保障安全的同时,也具备了HECC的诸多优点。     

Prism coupling method to evaluate the light extraction efficiency of outcoupling substrates

One of the key challenges in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) for lighting applications is efficient light extraction from the planar, multi-layered OLED stack. Several different light extraction approaches are being explored currently by researchers, however characterizing light extraction films after fabricating OLEDs is not a viable approach when the outcoupling films have large surface roughness and is time consuming as well. Here we apply prism coupling method (PCM), a simple and elegant tool, to characterize outcoupling films. We show the effectiveness of PCM in estimating light extraction efficiency of outcoupling films. PCM can expedite selection and optimization of various light extraction approaches without the need to build OLEDs. The experimental results are corroborated by the optical simulations done using ray tracing method taking into account Mie scattering from wavelength sized spherical inclusions in an outcoupling film.     

Automated contact tracing: a game of big numbers in the time of COVID-19

One of the more widely advocated solutions for slowing down the spread of COVID-19 has been automated contact tracing. Since proximity data can be collected by personal mobile devices, the natural proposal has been to use this for automated contact tracing providing a major gain over a manual implementation. In this work, we study the characteristics of voluntary and automated contact tracing and its effectiveness for mapping the spread of a pandemic due to the spread of SARS-CoV-2. We highlight the infrastructure and social structures required for automated contact tracing to work. We display the vulnerabilities of the strategy to inadequate sampling of the population, which results in the inability to sufficiently determine significant contact with infected individuals. Of crucial importance will be the participation of a significant fraction of the population for which we derive a minimum threshold. We conclude that relying largely on automated contact tracing without population-wide participation to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic can be counterproductive and allow the pandemic to spread unchecked. The simultaneous implementation of various mitigation methods along with automated contact tracing is necessary for reaching an optimal solution to contain the pandemic.     

Epidemic contact tracing with smartphone sensors

ABSTRACT

Contact tracing is widely considered as an effective procedure in the fight against epidemic diseases. However, one of the challenges for technology based contact tracing is the high number of false positives, questioning its trust-worthiness and efficiency amongst the wider population for mass adoption. To this end, this paper proposes a novel, yet practical smartphone-based contact tracing approach, employing WiFi and acoustic sound for relative distance estimate, in addition to the air pressure and the magnetic field for ambient environment matching. We present a model combining six smartphone sensors, prioritising some of them when certain conditions are met. We empirically verified our approach in various realistic environments to demonstrate an achievement of up to 95% fewer false positives, and 62% more accurate than Bluetooth-only system. To the best of our knowledge, this paper was one of the first work to propose a combination of smartphone sensors for contact tracing.     

An E-Business Event Stream Mechanism for Improving User Tracing Processes

With the rapid development in business transactions, especially in recent years, it has become necessary to develop different mechanisms to trace business user records in web server log in an efficient way. Online business transactions have increased, especially when the user or customer cannot obtain the required service. For example, with the spread of the epidemic Coronavirus (COVID-19) throughout the world, there is a dire need to rely more on online business processes. In order to improve the efficiency and performance of E-business structure, a web server log must be well utilized to have the ability to trace and record infinite user transactions. This paper proposes an event stream mechanism based on formula patterns to enhance business processes and record all user activities in a structured log file. Each user activity is recorded with a set of tracing parameters that can predict the behavior of the user in business operations. The experimental results are conducted by applying clustering-based classification algorithms on two different datasets; namely, Online Shoppers Purchasing Intention and Instacart Market Basket Analysis. The clustering process is used to group related objects into the same cluster, then the classification process measures the predicted classes of clustered objects. The experimental results record provable accuracy in predicting user preferences on both datasets.     

Assessment of tracing element characteristics of F-type fly and bottom ash mixture

Presently, fly ash–water slurry is transported to ash disposal site at very low solid concentration of approximately 15–20% (by weight), resulting in huge water and energy wastage which leads to several environmental and health problem. The production of a large amount of the toxic metal elements in the ash disposal system of the thermal power plants can pose negative environmental effects on human health and on plants. In the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the leaching characteristics of fly ash at higher concentrations. The bottom ash was taken as an additive in the proportion of 10, 20, and 30% (by weight) to enhance the leaching characteristics of fly ash. The solid concentration of fly ash suspension was taken in the range of 40 to 60% (by weight). The addition of additive helps to reduce the tracing metal concentration of fly ash. Leaching experiment data show that leachate concentration of all tracing elements present in fly ash reduced maximum with 20% addition of bottom ash (by weight). The present study helps to improve the ash disposal system of the thermal power plant and to minimize the environmental impact.     

2000m~3液化气球罐的TOFD检测

由于现场施工队伍多、施工工期短等原因,采用100%TOFD+100%UT组合方式取代100%射线检测方式对现场组焊的球罐焊缝进行检测,并编制了检测技术方案。按照该方案对一台球罐进行了TOFD检测,发现了许多圆形、条形缺陷。经超声检测验证,其检测结果与TOFD检测出的缺陷位置基本吻合。     

不锈钢/碳钢TIG焊熔池表面流动行为

为研究异种钢在钨极惰性气体保护焊过程中的熔池表面流动行为,以粒子示踪法为基础,通过激光熔池表面反射的方法,对304不锈钢/Q235碳钢、316L不锈钢/Q235碳钢焊接过程中熔池表面液态金属的流动行为进行了研究,分析了熔池表面示踪粒子的运动趋势,并以此为依据计算了熔池表面液态金属的流动速度.结果表明,在不锈钢/碳钢的TIG焊过程中,熔池表面的液态金属存在从不锈钢侧流向碳钢侧的流动行为.其中,示踪粒子在304不锈钢/Q235碳钢的焊接熔池表面平均流动速度约为25.3 mm/s,在316L不锈钢/Q235碳钢的焊接熔池表面平均流动速度约为21.6 mm/s.     

三光束光内同轴送丝激光熔覆成形新方法研究

目的研究"三光束光内同轴送丝"激光熔覆新方法以及单向、多向单道熔覆成形效果。方法采用光线追迹法分析了三光束光斑几何特性,运用TracePro分析了光斑能量分布。利用研制的三光束光内送丝装置进行了单向以及多向单道熔覆实验,对其展开成形表面质量以及单道熔覆层的组织和硬度分析。结果 "三光束光内同轴送丝"激光熔覆新方法可以将原始圆形激光束整形为周向均匀分布的三个扇形光斑,三个光斑光通量均沿着z轴方向呈"尖顶状"分布,丝材能够被三个光斑均匀包裹。基材和丝材采用不锈钢304材料,丝材线径为0.8 mm,负离焦量为2.5 mm,激光功率为1500 W,扫描速度为3.5 mm/s,送丝速度为20.5 mm/s,展开单向和多向单道熔覆成形测试,丝材熔化充分,熔覆层表面均匀平滑。熔覆层形貌和质量基本不受扫描方向的影响。单道熔覆层和基体结合良好,组织整体比较细密,无气孔和裂纹等缺陷,熔覆层底部到顶部晶粒形态主要为树枝晶、柱状晶、胞状晶和树枝晶,熔覆层组织为铁素体δ和奥氏体γ,凝固模式为FA模式,熔覆层底部到顶部铁素体δ的主要形态为板条状铁素体、蠕虫状铁素体、骨架状铁素体和板条状铁素体。熔覆层的平均硬度(228HV)明显高于基材硬度,熔覆层底部到顶部的硬度过渡平稳,不存在明显软化区,组织整体比较细小致密,晶粒分布均匀。结论 "三光束光内同轴送丝"激光熔覆新方法可以实现光、丝耦合,基材和丝材采用不锈钢304材料,选择合理的工艺参数,可以获得理想的单向以及多向单道熔覆成形效果。